Jurnal Panah Hukum

PERAN MAHASISWA DAN BANTUAN HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT

Alifah Herawati — 2026-01-28

Mahasiswa (program sarjana) mempunyai berbagai sebutan, termasuk agen perubahan dan kelompok intelektual kritis, dalam berbagai sejarah perjuangan bangsa, begitu pula pada masa kini ini, mahasiswa selalu menjadi garda terdepan dalam perubahan dan perjuangan untuk masyarakat; Dalam konteks bantuan hukum, mahasiswa juga diharapkan berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan keadilan. Sejarah bantuan hukum sudah ada sejak sebelum kemerdekaan, namun perkembangannya bisa dibilang lamban, sementara masyarakat miskin seringkali mengabaikan haknya untuk mencari bantuan hukum sebagai pencari keadilan. Hak memperoleh bantuan hukum merupakan kewajiban negara untuk memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat melalui berbagai program, sebagai perwujudan negara hukum yang menghormati hak asasi manusia. Di era pasca reformasi ini, patut didiskusikan kembali apa peran mahasiswa fakultas hukum dalam bantuan hukum? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif yaitu UU No. 16 Tahun 2016 tentang Bantuan Hukum dengan peran mahasiswa pada khususnya dan peran organisasi masyarakat/advokat pada umumnya. Di sisi lain, bantuan hukum juga harus diberikan oleh advokat dan organisasi masyarakat, dengan berbagai persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi terlebih dahulu.

ANALISIS YURIDIS PENERAPAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG

Fitriana Halawa — 2026-01-28

Trade in people is all forms of buying and selling transactions against humans. The criminal act of trafficking in people is generally in the form of violations of dignity, dignity and human rights in the form of cruel treatment and damaging the morals of victims. This treatment is accepted as the helplessness of victims trapped in network entanglement that is very difficult to identify so that it will be difficult to find a solution. One of the criminal acts of trafficking in persons who have been tried and in tried and examined by the Tanjung Selor District Court, namely Decision Number 87/Pid.Sus/2023/PN. Tjs, where in the decision the judge sentenced him to imprisonment for 8 (eight) months for violating Article 506 of the Criminal Code concerning pimping (sounteneur) based on the fourth alternative charge. The research used is normative research with data collection techniques using primary data, secondary data, and tertiary data. Secondary data obtained in this study, Obtained in this study, the author analyzed using qualitative analysis methods which were then compiled descriptively and drew conclusions using deductive methods. Based on research findings and discussion of the application of the law to the criminal act of trafficking in people who use and facilitate the occurrence of sexual intercourse so that they can benefit from the results of these acts, which according to the author imposes criminal sanctions That's not right. So according to the author that in Decision Number 87/Pid.Sus/2023/PN. Tjs, the panel of judges should apply the law in accordance with the first alternative charge, namely Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of Trafficking in Persons. Based on the principle of lex spcesialis derogat lex generalis where general rules are overridden by specific regulations.

PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN

Heni Marni Bu'ulolo — 2026-01-28

The Indonesian society is accustomed to using deliberate processes to settle conflicts and resolve issues. Customary law, or local Indonesian law, has been utilized since before the Dutch arrived in Indonesia to settle a wide range of conflicts, both civil and criminal, with the goal of reestablishing equilibrium or correcting the situation. Restorative justice is the term now used to address this issue. In criminal cases including the offender, victim, victim's family, and other connected parties, restorative justice emphasizes restoration to the pre-crime state rather than vengeance in an effort to find an equitable conclusion. Finding out how restorative justice is administered to theft crimes is the goal of this research (South Nias Police Research). The study methodology is sociological legal research, which looks at relevant legal provisions in light of societal realities as they exist. The primary, secondary, and tertiary data that were gathered from secondary legal texts were used in the data gathering process. Qualitative data analysis is the method employed. Analyzing qualitative data is done concurrently with the process of gathering data. The best way to resolve a theft case without causing injury to either side is to apply restorative justice, according to the research findings and debate held at the South Nias Police study. While the police must first confirm that the criminal conduct satisfies the legal and material requirements, the implementation of restorative justice is incredibly effective. The police will carry out peace when these two conditions are met by presenting both parties and creating a peace letter signifying that the crime has been finished. that the community, particularly those involved in legal disputes, strongly supports the resolutions reached by the police with the use of restorative justice.

ANALISIS PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM JUDEX JURIST PADA PUTUSAN BEBAS DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DENGAN KEKERASAN YANG MENGAKIBATKAN KEMATIAN

Yosef Firman Buulolo — 2026-01-28

Theft with violence that causes death is a criminal act that qualifies as taking property with violence, which is carried out with the aim of facilitating the action and resulting in serious injury or death to the victim. For punishment or sanctions in cases of crimes of theft with violence that cause death, this is regulated in Article 365 paragraph (4) of the Criminal Code. The perpetrator was threatened with the death penalty, life imprisonment or imprisonment for up to twenty years, but in the end the Supreme Court Judge decided to acquit him because the District Court and High Court Judges were not careful in giving their verdict. The investigative method applied by the author is normative legal investigation, which adopts a juridical approach, a casuistic approach and an analytical approach. Secondary data collection was carried out through a literature review consisting of primary legal material, secondary legal material and tertiary legal material. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative data analysis, with conclusions drawn using deductive methods. Based on the findings of the investigation and discussion, it can be concluded that the application of the law in this decision was inappropriate, because the defendant was acquitted by the judge in Decision Number 429/K/PID/2017. According to the author, the defendant should be charged under Article 365 paragraph (4), because based on the chronology of events, witness statements, evidence, and the defendant's statement in this case have fulfilled the elements contained in the statutory regulations. The author suggests that the Panel of Judges who hear and decide a criminal case should be more thorough and accurate in determining the actions taken, so that they can be adjusted to the provisions contained in the statutory regulations.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG MENGAKIBATKAN KEMATIAN

Yana Efitasari Duha — 2026-01-28

Legal Protection is an effort to protect the government or authorities or a number of existing regulations. A victim of a criminal act is someone who suffers physical, mental suffering and/or economic loss caused by a criminal act. The criminal act of accident is an incident on the road that results in human casualties and/or property loss. One of the traffic crimes that has been examined and tried by the High Court is decision number 29/Pid.Sus/2021/Pt.Dps. In this sentence, the perpetrator was sentenced to 5 (five) months in prison for violating Article 310 paragraph (4) Number 22 of 2009. The type of research used by the author is normative research using the statutory and regulatory approach, case method, and analytical approach. Data collection was carried out using secondary data, which was obtained through library materials consisting of primary materials, secondary legal materials and theoretical legal materials. The data analysis used was descriptive qualitative analysis and conclusions were drawn using the deductive method. Based on the research findings and discussion, as in the sentence, the judge sentenced Article 310 paragraph (4) number 22 of 2009 with a sentence of 5 (five) months in prison, but in Article 310 paragraph (4) and as referred to in paragraph (3) a maximum prison sentence of 6 (six) years in prison and/or a fine of 12,000,000.00 (twelve million rupiah) but in the judge's sentence the perpetrator was only sentenced to 3 (three) months in prison. Based on this, the victim filed an appeal at the Denpasar High Court and the perpetrator was sentenced to 5 (five) months in prison. However, this second decision does not reflect the values of justice for the victims or their heirs. So the panel of judges should pay attention to the decision against the perpetrator, because the decision can protect the rights of the victim/or their heirs and can provide justice for the victim/heirs.

PENERAPAN RETORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ANAK DI SATLANTAS POLRES NIAS SELATAN

Anugrah Sellamat Laia — 2026-01-28

A traffic accident is an event that occurs on a highway that is unexpected and intentional involving vehicles and road users, which causes human casualties and damages property. Traffic accidents are caused by violations and negligence of drivers involving members of the public regardless of age. Traffic accidents involving minors can occur due to several factors, including parents allowing their children to use vehicles, especially motorbikes, using vehicles at high speed, lack of legal awareness, and which can sacrifice the lives and property of both the driver and other people. One of the traffic accident crimes that has been resolved using restorative justice at the South Nias Police Traffic Unit, namely, a traffic accident committed by a child on December 10 2023. This crime has been resolved and the sanctions given to the child include an apology and compensation for damage to the victim's vehicle, but in the settlement the child was not present. The type of research used is sociological legal research, by going into the field to analyze what actually happens in society. The data collection techniques used were primary and secondary legal materials, primary legal data was obtained from interviews. Data analysis used in this research was descriptive qualitative analysis and conclusions were drawn using a deductive method. Based on the research findings and discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation of Restorative Justice has been implemented and is not in accordance with Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021. Because the perpetrator was not present in peace between the perpetrator and the victim. The author suggests that the South Nias Police Traffic Unit, in implementing Restorative Justice, should bring together the parties, especially the perpetrator and the victim, so that the resolution is in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations.

ANALISIS HUKUM PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA UNTUK DIRI SENDIRI

Rustama Ndruru — 2026-01-28

Narcotics are artificial substances or derived from plants that have hallucinatory effects, decrease consciousness, and cause addiction. Narcotics crime is an act that violates the law and is an organized crime, one of the narcotics crimes examined and tried by the Bengkayang District Court, namely decision number 67/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Bek. in this decision, the perpetrator was sentenced to only 2 (two) years in prison for violating Article 127 paragraph (1) of Law number 35 of 2009 concerning narcotics. Based on the judge`s decision against the defendant, the author is interested in conducting research with the title "legal analysis of Narcotics Abuse for Yourself". The type of research used is normative legal research with approach methods, statutory approaches, case approaches, analytical approaches. Data collection was carried out using secondary informasi, which was obtained through library materials consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The informasi analysis used is qualitative informasi analysis, which is descriptive in nature and drawing conclusions is carried out using bagus deductive method. Based on the research findings and discussion, it can be concluded that the imposition of sentences on perpetrators of narcotics crimes who were examined and tried by the Sleman District Court, namely (study decision number 67/Pid.Sus/2020/Pn.Bek) is not in accordance with the Law stipulated applies, where the perpetrator is sentenced to prison for only 2 (two) years, the perpetrator should be sentenced in accordance with the article that was violated by the defendant, namely Article 127 paragraph (2) of Law number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, with bagus minimum prison sentence of 4 years. The author suggests that the lembaga of judges in determining sentences for narcotics criminals should be adjusted to the applicable laws and regulations.

DISPARITAS PUTUSAN HAKIM TERHADAP PELAKU YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DENGAN PEMBERATAN

Andreas Buulolo — 2026-01-28

Disparitas putusan pada tindak pidana pencurian merupakan perbedaan sanksi pidana pada kasus pencurian yang pada dasarnya didakwa dengan pasal yang sama yaitu Pasal 362 KUHP. Putusan Nomor 720/Pid.B/2020/PN Cbi dan Putusan Nomor 246/Pid.B/2021/PN Cbi merupakan beberapa putusan yang berbeda dengan kasus yang sama. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis disparitas putusan hakim terhadap pelaku yang melakukan tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, pendekatan analitis dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa disparitas putusan hakim terhadap pelaku yang melakukan tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan terletak pada pertimbangan hakim secara yuridis dan non yuridis. Pertimbangan hakim secara yuridis mendasar pada surat dakwaan jaksa penuntut umum dan fakta-fakta yang terungkap dalam persidangan. Sementara itu, pertimbangan hakim secara non yuridis mendasar pada keyakinan hakim terhadap minimal dua alat bukti yang sah sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 183 KUHAP. Selain pertimbangan tersebut, juga terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi keputusan hakim, seperti keadaan sosial, akibat perbuatan terdakwa, kondisi terdakwa, dan alasan-alasan yang dapat memberatkan atau meringankan hukuman. Penulis menyarankan bahwa diperlukan upaya dari aparat penegak hukum untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat melalui kegiatan sosialisasi mengenai perbedaan putusan dalam kasus pidana.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA DALAM PEMBELAAN DIRI PADA TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ANAK

Azavid Laia — 2026-01-28

Pertanggungjawaban pidana merupakan suatu keadaan dimana orang atau badan hukum sebagai subjek pembuat kesalahan menerima dan melaksanakan konsekuensi atau hukuman atas segala perbuatannya yang dilarang dan bersifat melawan hukum. Tindak pidana penganiayaan adalah suatu kesengajaan yang menimbulkan rasa sakit atau luka pada tubuh orang lain. Pembelaan diri adalah tindakan atau usaha seseorang untuk melindungi diri sendiri dari ancaman, bahaya, atau tindakan yang dapat merugikan. Adapun yang menjadi rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini ialah Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Dalam Pembelaan Diri Pada Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Yang dilakukan Oleh Anak (Studi Putusan Nomor 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN.Kpn). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan analisis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer, data sekunder dan data tersier. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dan penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan dengan metode deduktif. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam pembelaan diri pada tindak pidana penganiayaan yang dilakukan oleh anak (Studi Putusan Nomor 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN.Kpn) adalah bahwa sesungguhnya anak sebagai pelaku harus dibebaskan dari dakwaan dan tuntutan jaksa penuntut umum karena perbuatan tersebut merupakan bentuk pembelaan diri sebagaimana yang telah diatur dalam Pasal 49 ayat 1 KUHP. Berdasarkan simpulan tersebut diatas yang menjadi saran dalam penelitian ini adalah hendaknya hakim yang menjatuhkan hukuman kepada terdakwa harus lebih cermat dan teliti sehingga anak bisa dibebaskan dari perbuatan-perbuatannya tersebut.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM DOKTER WARGA NEGARA ASING YANG MELAKUKAN PRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN TANPA MEMILIKI IZIN PRAKTIK

Edtras Elventus Harefa — 2026-01-28

Melakukan tindak pidana praktik dokter tanpa izin adalah suatu pelanggaran serius terhadap hukum yang harus ditindaklanjuti dengan tegas. Praktik dokter yang dilakukan tanpa izin merupakan tindakan yang melanggar etika medis dan dapat membahayakan keselamatan dan kesehatan pasien. Putusan Nomor 450/Pid.Sus/2020/PN. Jkt Utr merupakan satu putusan tindak pidana praktik dokter tanpa izin. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pertanggungjawaban hukum dokter warga negara asing yang melakukan praktik kedokteran tanpa memiliki izin praktik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, pendekatan analitis dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam praktik pelayanan kesehatan, dokter dapat melakukan tindak pidana jika mereka berpura-pura menjadi tenaga kesehatan yang memiliki izin dalam hal ini yaitu dokter yang menjalankan praktik tanpa Surat Tanda Registrasi (STR), termasuk dokter warga negara asing yang dengan sengaja memberikan pelayanan kesehatan tanpa STR sementara. Oleh karena itu, putusan nomor 450/Pid.Sus/2020/PN. Jkt Utr yang menjatuhkan pidana terhadap terdakwa sudah sesuai dengan tindakan terdakwa sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 75 ayat (3) Jo. Pasal 31 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran dengan pidana penjara selama 9 (Sembilan) bulan. Hukuman yang dijatuhkan oleh hakim tersebut merupakan bentuk tanggungjawab terdakwa akibat perbuatan yang dilakukannya. Penulis menyarankan bahwa agar dapat mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana praktik kedokteran tanpa izin dalam praktik pelayanan kesehatan, diperlukan upaya pengawasan yang efektif oleh pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah, serta Konsil Tenaga Kesehatan dan Organisasi Profesi sesuai dengan kewenangannya.